Ultrasound examination, also called sonography or diagnostic medical sonography, is an imaging method that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce precise images of structures within the body. The images produced during an ultrasound examination often provide information that is valuable in diagnosing and treating a variety of diseases and conditions. Diagnostic ultrasound is recognised worldwide as the premier cross-sectional imaging modality. Although other imaging modalities have advantages over sonography in certain anatomical regions, no cross-sectional imaging modality is more readily available or more widely used throughout the world than sonography.
Most ultrasound examinations are done using a sonar device outside of the body, though some ultrasound examinations involve placing a device inside the body.
Ultrasound may be used to:
- Evaluate a foetus
- Diagnose gallbladder disease
- Evaluate flow in blood vessels
- Guide a needle biopsy
- Guide the biopsy and treatment of a tumour
- Check the thyroid gland
- Study the heart
- Diagnose some forms of infection
- Diagnose some forms of cancer
- Reveal abnormalities in the scrotum and prostate
- Evaluate abnormalities of the muscles and tendons
Diagnostic ultrasound is a safe procedure that uses low-power sound waves. There are no direct risks from a diagnostic ultrasound exam.